Tuesday, November 7, 2023

Science Times: Ending tuberculosis

Plus: A giant leap for the leap second —
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Science Times

November 7, 2023

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Lia Halloran

Out There

'Vortenses' and the Storms of Space-Time

In verse and in color, a Nobel physicist and a visual artist collaborate to portray black holes, gravitational waves and other preposterous features of Einstein's universe.

By Dennis Overbye

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Chloe Ellingson for The New York Times

What It Takes to Wear the Sudoku Crown

Pens, pencils and a facility with numbers. Also helpful: earplugs, plushies, a water bottle, calming herbal oil and the occasional "wild bifurcation" (a.k.a. a wild guess).

By Siobhan Roberts and Chloë Ellingson

A digital clock on a gray building shows the time 8:59:60 as a crowd of people holds up phones and cameras to record the moment of the leap second.

Kyodo News Stills, via Getty Images

A Giant Leap for the Leap Second. Is Humankind Ready?

A top scientist has proposed a new way to reconcile the two different ways that our clocks keep time. Meet — wait for it — the leap minute.

By Matt Richtel

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Let us know how we're doing at sciencenewsletter@nytimes.com.

This astronomical image is divided horizontally by a waving line between a whitish orange cloudscape forming a nebula along the bottom portion and a comparatively blue- purple-pink upper portion. From the nebula in the bottom half of the image, an orange cloud shaped like a horse head sticks out.

European Space Agency/Euclid Consortium/NASA; image processing by J.-C. Cuillandre, G. Anselmi

Euclid Telescope Dazzles With Detailed First Images of Our Universe

The European Space Agency's premier telescope captured new views of space, a small taste of what it is likely to accomplish in the coming years.

By Katrina Miller

A close-up view of a small brown moth on a bright yellow flower.

Bhupinder Bagga/Shutterstock

Trilobites

Male-Killing Virus Is Discovered in Insects

The chance finding in a Japanese university's greenhouse could help researchers find ways to control agricultural pests or even insects that spread disease.

By Elizabeth Anne Brown

A black-and-white image of an asteroid, a large, gray oblong rock with a smaller rock just below it, against the blackness of space.

NASA/Goddard/SwRI/Johns Hopkins APL/NOAO

NASA's Lucy Mission Set Its Sights on 1 Asteroid. It Found 2.

On its way to the Trojan swarms, the spacecraft made a pit stop at a rock named Dinkinesh — and the images it sent back revealed that this asteroid has its own moon.

By Katrina Miller

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Hernán Cañellas

A 'Big Whack' Formed the Moon and Left Traces Deep in Earth, a Study Suggests

Two enormous blobs deep inside Earth could be remnants of the birth of the moon.

By Kenneth Chang

The end of a telescope, including the eyepiece, is shown inside the domed canopy of an observatory. The telescope is incredibly complex, with several wires, tubes and knobs protruding from it.

Aspen Mays

Gazing Into the Past and Future at Historic Observatories

As ever-larger telescopes are launched into space or built at high-altitude sites, these observatories still have wonders to share with visitors and astronomers alike.

By Kim Beil

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Investigators Head to Antarctica Research Base After Claims of Sexual Violence

The National Science Foundation watchdog is sending agents to a U.S. research base in Antarctica after a 2022 report raised concerns about sexual misconduct.

By Amanda Holpuch

An aerial view of a research base in Antarctica. The landscape is filled with red, blue and red buildings, a mountain range in the background and a building with a blue roof and the letters NSF in white.

A 500-Year-Old Inca Mummy in Peru Now Has a Face

A team of scientists worked with an archaeologist who specializes in facial reconstructions to create the silicone likeness of a girl whose remains were found on a volcano in 1995.

By Johnny Diaz

A silicone bust of a young Incan woman.

Birds in the Americas Will No Longer Be Named After People

The American Ornithological Society has committed to replacing all bird names derived from people so as not to honor figures with racist pasts.

By Katrina Miller

A yellow bird with a small black patch on its head stands on a branch.

Ken Mattingly, Astronaut Bumped From Apollo 13, Is Dead at 87

He later orbited the moon, but in 1970 he was scrubbed from the Apollo flight after being exposed to German measles. Then, from mission control, he helped it avert disaster.

By Richard Goldstein

Three astronauts in white NASA uniforms are gathered in front of training module aboard a ship.

CLIMATE CHANGE

James Hansen holds a spherical model. He is wearing a black button down shirt and a microphone earpiece.

Brian Snyder/Reuters

35 Years After Addressing Congress, James Hansen Has More Climate Warnings

The former NASA scientist James Hansen says in a new paper that global temperatures will pass a major milestone this decade, faster than other estimates predict.

By Delger Erdenesanaa

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Tony Cenicola/The New York Times

Electric Planes, Once a Fantasy, Start to Take to the Skies

How a small plane's 16-day trip from Vermont to Florida might foreshadow a new era of battery-powered air travel long considered implausible.

By Niraj Chokshi and Tony Cenicola

Through a chain-link fence, dark clouds hover over the skyscrapers of Manhattan across dark waters of the Hudson River.

Daniel Arnold for The New York Times

Critic's notebook

A Climate Change Success Story? Look at Hoboken.

This flood-prone city on the Hudson River has bundled water-absorbing infrastructure into benefits residents asked for, like parks and safer streets.

By Michael Kimmelman

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HEALTH

Family and other loved ones stand with blue balloons and signs, one reading "Enough Is Enough" while attending an outdoor, midday vigil in a park.

Taylor Glascock for The New York Times

When a Child Is Shot, Trauma Ripples Through Families, Study Finds

Gunshots are the top cause of death for children and teenagers in the U.S. Fatal or not, the wounds reverberate through communities and the health care system.

By Ellen Barry

Gifty Gyan stands on a scale, back to the viewer, and is weighed by a nurse in a green uniform with white sleeves and collar, who wears a surgical mask, in the open-air doorway of the Kaneshie Polyclinic. The nurse looks out the door, and a patient waiting to be seen at the clinic can be seen outside in a chair. Other nurses rest on their heads on a table inside.

Natalija Gormalova for The New York Times

Global Health

Ending TB Is Within Reach — So Why Are Millions Still Dying?

Tuberculosis has passed Covid as the top infectious disease killer, despite new medicines and better diagnostic tools.

By Stephanie Nolen and Natalija Gormalova

A close-up view of a premature newborn baby's hand, half-curled and resting on a bed in a hospital with paper sheets covering its arm and the rest of the baby.

Desiree Rios/The New York Times

Infant Deaths Have Risen for the First Time in 20 Years

The increases were particularly stark among babies born to Native American, Alaska Native and white mothers in 2022. Rates among Black infants remained highest of all.

By Roni Caryn Rabin

A close-up view of a teenager's open hand holding two Puff Bar e-cigarettes, one red and one bright yellow.

Jenna Schoenefeld for The New York Times

Vaping Declines Among High School Students, Survey Shows

The annual tobacco use survey given to middle and high school students revealed a decrease among older teenagers for the first time in several years.

By Christina Jewett

Some Covid Vaccines Are Still Hard to Find

Vaccine appointments for kids remain limited, and Novavax shots are hard to come by.

By Knvul Sheikh

A woman sits in the waiting area at a pharmacy providing vaccine shots.

Panel Says That Innovative Sickle Cell Cure Is Safe Enough for Patients

The decision by an advisory committee may lead to Food and Drug Administration approval of the first treatment for humans that uses the CRISPR gene-editing system.

By Gina Kolata

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Second Maryland Man to Receive an Altered Pig's Heart Has Died

Researchers said they found signs of organ rejection, which the genetically modified tissue was supposed to prevent.

By Roni Caryn Rabin

A man in glasses lies smiling in a hospital bed, in a gown with crescent moons and stars on it. A women in a dark blue blouse sits alongside him, wearing a surgical mask.

William Pelham Jr., Who Rethought How A.D.H.D. Is Treated, Dies at 75

A child psychologist, he argued that behavioral therapy had to come first in addressing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, with drugs like Ritalin as a supplement.

By Clay Risen

William E. Pelham Jr., with a white beard and glasses, stands with his right hand on his hip. His shirt sleeves are rolled up, and he is wearing a black tie decorated with a smiling sun and moon, and children holding hands around an illustration of earth. An alphabet poster and a poster with animals are seen on the wall behind him.

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